fi – 1 is the absolute frequency immediately below the modal class.
fi-1 is the absolute frequency immediately after the modal class.
ai is the amplitude of the class. Where there is evidence of a deep class struggle.
That said, any idiot understands that there is a variance of data grouped according to the following procedure of the Hulk method:
It is then, as can be seen, a choice that has nothing to do with the national, but with the circuital and as demonstrated, it is entirely reasonable and logical that an overstated majority of minority representation that is most in relative terms ratio based on a weighted representation of the elements of territorial differentiation on the basis of who has it larger. Still, size does not matter but the quality of representation.
Put another way: the sum proportion of the population disparities lead all to a decreasing level of representation of circuit factors accumulated more if circuits are negative polarity, which caused some machines will not work.
Everything is in the Law and as legal principle says: “Dura lex, sed lex”, ie the law is the law while it lasts. And we will be hard put to let them get in the coming months, following the principle of Aristobulus, the Greek, “possidetis iuris”, which means, “because I I feel like it, kid .. . so what? “.
Hope this is enough so that it is clear to all and you stop bugging me.
Let it be Communicated and published, God and Federation.
(But most of all Federation) (but centralist) (ie focused on the list) LS (D)
The Devil's Excrement 
October 3, 2010 at 10:57 pm
David Jackson = Otro Loco.
Escribe y escribe y no dice nada.
October 3, 2010 at 10:36 pm
David Jackson:
Since you refused to answer my questions, I will repeat some of them. I will also point out that JGross and Miguel Octavio have added evidence that the Chavista’s regime’s record on environmental protection is worse than that of the the Fourth Republic. [You DO know what the Fourth Republic was, don’t you? 🙂 ]
Instead of calling you a PSF, I will instead ask you: how does someone who is concerned about “ecological sustainability” support a regime that markets gasoline at such a low price? Not to mention more imported food at the expense of domestic agriculture.
How about this question:
Did you even realize before this posting that PDVSA sells gasoline in Venezuela at that price ?[ ~ 20 cents US per gallon]
You don’t like being called a PSF, but you also do not like answering questions.
BTW, can you tell me the difference between a chigüire and a cheeseburger?
Since you know so much more about Venezuela than Miguel Octavio.
October 3, 2010 at 9:54 pm
Miguel; I am no expert. I have been going to Maracaibo for about nine years since I married a Venezuelan and the green stuff was not there when I first went there. Additionally, my wife’s cousin owns a company that used to fight oil spills, do clean ups and the like. PDVSA took it over three years ago or so, he was never compensated and the company is no longer operational. They used his boats and equipment for two or three months, they broke down and that was it. He is now in Colombia doing the same type of work, no demand for it in Venezuela. Let the spills, spill. It’s tragic.
October 3, 2010 at 9:02 pm
Gross: My wife used to be in charge of baseline environmental studies at PDVSA a few years ago. The whole environmental department was fired in 2003. There is no department now, the Faja projects are all being done without a study and Lake Maracibo receives no attention from PDVSA. In the old days, the smallest spill was attended to by PDVSA via a decision support system that is now inoperative.
October 3, 2010 at 8:44 pm
JGross, the entire oil economy that undergirds capitalism is ecocidal. To use the smear for political points against Chavez and the left tendency isn’t cogent. But, by all means, present this as an argument against Chavez’s brand of ‘socialism’, would will reap no returns.
The US Gulf Coast, where I was raised, has been significantly damaged because of the oil and agriculture industry.
Lake Maracaibo has long been an ecological disaster, the mark of the capitalist beast on the Venezuelan national soul. The goal should be to organize popular forces to pressure so that the most dire problems are addressed. This will be difficult, as it is in South Louisiana, where I am from.
They have devastated the cypress old growth swamps. Used to have three thousand year old growth trees. Now, polluted waters, the proliferation of exotic and invasive species of aquatic plants.
There is a huge dead zone in the Gulf below New Orleans. This is created from the chemical fertilizer and pesticide run-off from the corporate agriculture industries in the US Mid-West.
Denial of these realities are part of the passive consumer mind-set of the modern wage slaves, and slaves to corporate oligarchy and imperialism.
Very hard to turn this around. We might suffer the loss of tens of millions of lives before small groups begin to live and produce themselves in ways that are sustainable over the long-term.
But, why would you folks care? You will be dead before it gets really bad. Might as well as stuff your pockets full of money and consume with carnival abandon. LOL
October 3, 2010 at 8:33 pm
Gringo, your arguments are obtuse. My cousin, serving in the US Marines, died in Iraq. I have since the 1990’s opposed the US sanctions and invasions of the country.
Don’t be silly.
I have my criticisms of the Venezuelan government, but I also can analyze the ideology, guage the progress and problems, without the propaganda bias imposed by corporate, anti-democratic, media.
Capitalism is unsustainable and insane. The goal is to mitigate the on-going damage, as well as begin to repair that which has been damaged and denuded.
Your arguments and attacks are weak. I guess that’s why they call you ‘gringo’, lol.
October 3, 2010 at 8:29 pm
Free gas (it’s free I fill my station wago with less than a buck) Worse is Lale maracaibo, eutrification is accelerating. Gringo, PDVSA is destroying Lake Maracaibo and the lopna (dont know the English term) is growing very fast. The rate at which oil is going into Maracaibo Lake is huge and Chavez’ PDVSA does nothing absolutely nothing. This is ecocide like you would not believe.
October 3, 2010 at 5:47 pm
David Jackson:
My concerns have to do with ecological sustainability and engaging and learning from indigenous peoples..
And that is why you went to Iraq? A two day trip, which is a rather heavy carbon imprint, and you are concerned about “ecological sustainability?” For me, not for thee, it would appear. Or maybe you swam to Iraq.
This self-professed paragon of “critical thinking” supports a government that sells gasoline at in Venezuelan gas stations @ ~ 20 cents US [whatever] per gallon.
Not to mention a government that in eleven years has increased the proportion of imported food relative to domestically produced food in the Venezuelan diet. Venezuelan coffee? Venezuelan cacao? Grow local and all that?
Very sustainable.
Instead of calling you a PSF, I will instead ask you: how does someone who is concerned about “ecological sustainability” support a regime that markets gasoline at such a low price? Not to mention more imported food at the expense of domestic agriculture.
Did you even realize before this posting that PDVSA sells gasoline in Venezuela at that price ?
October 3, 2010 at 3:57 pm
BTW I have been to Sambil about ten times, nine for orchid exhibits, one to buy a nephew who asked for a present from there, so our scattering cross section will be miniscule fortunately.
October 3, 2010 at 3:52 pm
5 million voting oligarchs will be waiting for you in Venezuela.
October 3, 2010 at 3:23 pm
I am constantly amused and depressed by the will to engage Ad hominem and other irrational ploys rather than debate the basic propositions that are forwarded.
This tendency is very power on the right, and on the part of the people that attempt to protect illegitimate hierarchies and the ideological delusions that are constructed to perpetuate illegitimate, unjust hierarchies.
Read the history of the debates and discussions of slavery in Europe and the Americas. But it is hard to admit that great-great-great-great grandfather was a fear-filled bigot, and an avaricious cad.
Koyla, please, stop with your silly conspiracy theory that I am “Lareano Marquez”. The name is more ‘romantic’ than my angloized monicur, but I am not that man. He is probably better looking, has a bigger penis, and speaks Spanish fluently. Please, if you were to see me, your fantasies of me being the stereotypical internet “Che” would be put to rest.
Again, please critique and debate my positions and my analysis. i am open to seeing what I perceive as ‘reality’ in a more nuanced fashion.
My concerns have to do with ecological sustainability and engaging and learning from indigenous peoples. I seek to learn from indigenous peoples, as well as be a part of repairing the damage to our ecosystems.
I happened upon Mr. Octavio’s blog when I was engaging internet research of orchids in South America. I am planning a trip to Colombia and Venezuela in the future to meet with several members of indigenous communities that I have communicated with, as well as to visit the community of Gaviotis in Colombia.
As I only have three weeks, I have to schedule my trip in a very strict fashion.
Indeed, I will not have the opprotunity to visit the much vaunted Sambil mall–where it is reported that the specie ‘Oligarchia extinctus’ is frequently observed scouring the various shops for the latest fashions. Sambil, the next best thing to Miami.
Well, I certainly hope that Lula’s leftist ally wins in the first round of today’s election!
It has been painful trying to converse with people that would rather hate-on their country’s subordinate classes–rather than working honestly with these people toward finding healthy solutions to abiding problems. But if you try to ape the attitudes and behaviors of the Yankee masters, you will follow the declining empire into the sunset. Good riddence.
See ya! Wouldn’t wanna be ya!
October 3, 2010 at 1:57 pm
Dear Laureano Marquez, under the guise of “David Jackson” you are having great fun impersonating the stereotypical PFS: sanctimonious but ignorant, arrogant but naive, and so on and so forth. Laureano, I’m no professional humorist, but permit me a small suggestion. Yes, your latest creation (“David Jackson”) is hilarious, but, in my opinion, you are laying it a bit too thick. Your comedy will improve by using a little more subtlety in your portrayal of the typical PFS. “David Jackson” might be good slapstick, but he’s somewhat too crudely obvious.
October 3, 2010 at 1:05 pm
As far as poverty in Venezuela is concerned, I doubt that Chavez would have the loyal support of the vast majority of the Venezuelan, historically subordinated classes unless general conditions have improved in the country.
What are the sources for base-line analysis of poverty over decades?
You make statements of fact that seem questionable.
When I came to Venezuela, Caracas, I managed to mingle with people, both pro and anti Chavez. As usual, I was not shocked by the vehemence toward the darker, historically marginalized Venezuelans. This disdain comes from the middle and upper classes, not exclusively, but generally.
We have similar dynamics here in the US. Mostly white and wealthy people that regularly disparage organized labor, minimal environmental regulations, etc. The rightwing absolutely hate anything that regulates their power: the minimum wage, health care for the poorest, the working poor. They have no patriotism. They are greedy and racist.
I witness similar dynamics on the part of the rightwing in all the Latin American countries I have been able to visit so far.
No, you are wrong. I don’t ‘love’ Chavez, but I recognize that the oligarchy and the rightwing needs to be beaten into submission. Racists that would sell-out their country need to be exposed and mocked.
Especially, Venezuela cannot allow the rich to work with the US to subvert its government.
Central America and Haiti are examples of what happens when, for decades, the US empire is allowed to loot and super-exploit labor.
However, thanks to the Latin American leftwing, the jig is up, the game is over.
The best thinking of the neoliberal, pro-capitalists of the world leave nothing but immiserated populations, ecological devesatation, ect.
The survival of humanity as a species is what is at stake.
However, for people that don’t have to work, and have a pathological identification with the rest of humanity, and have been accustomed to controlling wealth and government institutions, more egalitarian distributions of power and decision making, more democratic flows of information–all this is akin to death.
This is a story as old as human history. However, the difference at this moment is that the ideologies and behaviors of the ‘masters’ are threatening human survival.
Get out on the streets in solidarity with your fellow Venezuelans, stop aligning with the insane US empire–only then will you develop a rhetoric and policies that can convince anyone outside the venal upper classes (and their obsequious middle class lap-dogs) that you are worthy of steering the ship of state.
Hint: discussions about why the marginalized classes are ‘brainwashed’ and ‘stupid’ will only function to hinder making healthy decisions that can actually out-compete Chavez’ brand of Bolivarian socialism (whatever that is).
Take issues with specific points I make; name-calling and ignoring my points signals that you aren’t capable of learning and advancing.
October 3, 2010 at 12:49 pm
Ad hominem, David, not “ad hominim”… You see what happen when you write something you don´t know much about.
October 3, 2010 at 1:33 am
Yes, PSF is indeed derogatory, you come and pontificate about what you know little about:
Geography: the rigged election had nothing to do with geography, Sure David, why read anything the opposition writes, you may find they are right.
As for Einstein ans socialism , Chavez is no socialist and Einstein could smell fascism a mile away, he would despise Hugo, but in any case that is not what the image is all about. But you would not understand…
the poor, oh the poor! 11 years running the poor remain poor and you want to be critical? Please..when Chavez got to power oil was at $10 a barrel, now it is near $80 and was as high as 140, and nothing to show for it? Is that too quantitative for you to understand?
This society is doing worse because of Chavez but you love him and yes, in your mind we are all right wing.
Well, you are the best PSF, (very derogatory) we have had here in months.
Ignorant and uncritical as can be.
Just another f… PSF…
As for Einstein, he was more complex that your simplistic understanding, and I do know more about him that you do (and can prove it, but will not do it). You know, he was responsible for the bomb by writing a famous letter that set it in motion, just like your idol Chavez participated in two bloody coups, but you guys always sweep that small detail under the rug. Yes, he was responsible for 200 people being killed in 1992, but I guess that was ok in your stupid book. Einstein was more anti-Fascist than socialist, he would have hated Chavez’ guts. Chavez is Fascist, but he is no socialist, communist. He is just Chavista.
GFY
Come down, 30% inflation and we are ready to mug you and/or kill you, but hey, that’s your revolution…
October 3, 2010 at 12:11 am
Gringo, psf is derogatory, and is used in such a manner–therefore, the term of reference is Ad hominim. This term is deployed in a way to avoid debating the substance of the issue under debate.
I stayed in Caracas fir five days, and in Iraq for two days. These facts have no bearing on my analysis and arguments.
On this blog, I have taken issue with the use of Einstien’s image by people that would hate the man in our time. Einstien’s was a socialist.
Lastly, that I use terms like “oligarchy” doesn’t signal anything more than I am versed in the intellectual nomenclature in Western thinking.
The goal is to create society that is capable of dealing with the many dire problems on our horizon.
This goes beyond petty political gamesmanship. Our efforts are devoted toward understanding, surviving and thriving.
We can all play in this movie, but not o e person or group gets to write the script.
October 2, 2010 at 10:58 pm
David Jackson:
My Spanish is rudimentary, and I am at ease in Latin America. I have connections with Honduras and it’s people from my childhood.
“I have connections with Honduras andit is people from my childhood.”
Your English sounds rudimentary, also.
“PSF” is here a descriptive term, not ad hominem. You write like a PSF, with the appropriate buzzwords [capitalism..marginalized..oligarchy…], and accordingly get labeled as one.
You describe yourself as thinking critically, yet you talk about “keeping..Bolivarian ideology ascendant.” That is critical thinking?
Your only interest in Venezuela stems from its ability to lend support to your ideological template. When you don’t know an arepa from an aardvark or a chigüire from a cheeseburger, it is understandable why you raise the hackles of Venezuelans like Miguel Octavio.
October 2, 2010 at 10:06 pm
Through google search, I found the meaning of “psf”, really cute, a strategy of closing discussion. Ad hominim.
My Spanish is rudimentary, and I am at ease in Latin America. I have connections with Honduras and it’s people from my childhood.
Sorry, if I am abrupt with some of my observations, I call it as I see it. I think critically, and question everything. I believe that humans can correct our problems through rational discussion and organization, hence my abiding interest in indigenous cultures.
Anyway, with respect to expanding my criticsms of your position visa vis the voter apportionment issue, where you come down depends on your class interests/goals, the ideology.
Keeping the nation and the Bolivarian ideology unified and on the ascendent, entails assuring that the rural vote and the interests of rural people are attended to. As poulation centers have historically parasitized the rural perifery, and that is why it has been common fir nations to apportion votes in ways that give more voting power in rural sectors of countries.
Yes, it violates the tenent of “one man, one vote”, but the practice points up the requirement that urban power centers have to at least placate the regions where resources are exploited.
This is widely known, condoned, and accepted, generally, but it can cause friction, as it does on the part of the classes in Venezuela, who have long held people like Chavez in low esteem.
October 2, 2010 at 8:23 pm
Miguel,
Maybe “David Jackson” is another clever Laureano Marquez parody–his PSF spoof…
October 2, 2010 at 5:01 pm
you obviously dont know Spanish, dont know me or dont know Venezuela, you are another ignorant PSF and I dont need any money, I do this for free. Once again, tel me about the geography and the elections, it shows you know very little and have no scruples about spreading it. Correa did not say it was a coup attempt, I saw him on TV and if the polices can d a coup, that is certainly a sad statement about a country. But you see, I know what I know, I only talk about Venezuela, because I know about Venezuela, not like you that thinks you know something about us or Chavez. Chavez will leave one day and Venzuela will be left in a very sorry state.
October 2, 2010 at 3:30 pm
Well, as per your assersion that Correa denies that this didn’t develop into a coup isn’t evident by even the most cursory Internet research. More, though I haven’t researched your blogging history, but I would bet that you denied in 2002 that the military taking Chavez away wasn’t a coup. Honduras?
You get the picture. The end of the story is the same as it always is, always has been: privileged sectors aligning with empires to rape resourses while creating a huge underclass.
My interests are mainly focused on the struggles of indigenous peoples, and it is remarkable how the delusions and retardation of ethics are similar with elites throughout the Americas. The ideas of racial hierarchy are pretty entrenched as well.
Colonialism and, now, neoliberialism have created problems that the vaunted market logic simply is incapable of adressing. This is why authentic citizen organizing so frightens elites.
From reviewing and witnessing the deep disdain directed at the subordinate, historically marginalized classes in Venezuela, it is readily apparent that the only hope for most of the people that oppose the Bolivarian left-tendency is for Chavez to be taken out, and an oppressive client coup government, supported by the US, be imposed on the Venezuelan people.
The toll of death would be horrendous, but from the deep ignorance and hate conveyed by a lot of the Venezuelan upper classes, I suspect that you would think the “sacrifice” would be with it.
I just returned from a trip to Iraq, the place is totally devastated.
Einstein would be appauled at the ideology and the violence that you guys support. The man is one of the heroic figures that have helped for
my politic and social conciousness. and it repulsed me that elites that despise most of the Venezuelan population would use this great socialist thinkers image.
Enough said. I will be returning to Venezuela in the beginning of next year, and I hope I never meet any of you people.
Only when you come to see the popular classes as your equals will you ever hope to get back in power without having the US carpet bomb like the did in Vietnam and Iraq.
Good luck with that.
Hope you get some of tha money the US is spreading around Caracas ( not!).
October 1, 2010 at 11:06 pm
It’s not spelled “Einstien”, by the way.
—
October 1, 2010 at 10:31 pm
Well, the beyotch Alyona on RT said it was. Then again, it’s a Russian propaganda cable “news” channel.
October 1, 2010 at 2:45 pm
What to say about Ecuador or Correa?
I do not like Correa either, but it shows up some bravery.
I know a subject that in face of problems hide in a bathroom or under the skirt of a cardinal.
October 1, 2010 at 1:56 pm
I would say that all this number crunching should reduce to at the last line ONE MAN = ONE VOTE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_person,_one_vote
but what do I know I am just a research assistant!
October 1, 2010 at 1:53 pm
To the contrary, Mr. Octavio, yesterday’s skirmish has everything to do with the process of change that is happening in Venezuela.
But the fact remains, Einstien was a socialist and anti-imperialist.
As to your supposedly funny post: the fact remains that geography has a lot to do with how states apportion votes.
You can beat this dead horse for a couple of years, I am sure.
I will put my money on the idea that the Venezuelan rightwing will not put up any candidate that can beat Chavez in 2012.
Any ideas about who will take up the challenge.
Randonski? LOL Isn’t he the guy that supported oppression during the 2002 coup?
The whiter and richer you are, the more deluded you are. This is a general rule.
October 1, 2010 at 1:14 pm
Ha, ha. Einstien, if he were here today, would definately be an oppeonent of capitalism and on the side against corporate oligarchy.
Why no comments about Correa’s remarkable triumph?
Just asking.
October 1, 2010 at 11:09 am
As far as I can tell, the original in Spanish is behind Tal Cual’s pay wall, so I didn’t read it. The translation seems excellent, but would it be possible for someone to post the Spanish as a blog comment? Or is that a no-no?
It’s a real keeper.
October 1, 2010 at 10:48 am
genial.
October 1, 2010 at 10:32 am
Then why God (HC) did not provide this simple explanation to andreina and went over the lies of radio france, the ignorance of the constitution by foreigners and the reporter, the coffee, the little bird, etc???
October 1, 2010 at 10:07 am
Laureano is a very funny guy. Thanks for reposting it.
October 1, 2010 at 9:50 am
Conclusion: Do not ask or tell to God (Chavez) what to do with the Universe
October 1, 2010 at 9:45 am
Clear as M.U.D.
October 1, 2010 at 9:42 am
Brief, clear, no-nonsense explanation. It’s unbelievable that some people are still complaining of lack of transparency. Thanks for posting it, Miguel!